Cutaneous warts occur as a result of Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.
They are skin-coloured lumps with rough surface or cauliflower-like flattened masses.
They are most often observed in school-age children, but they are not uncommon in adults as well. It is estimated that 25% of the population gets infected with the Human papillomavirus at some point in life.
How are warts transmitted?
They can be transmitted by direct and indirect contact, as well as by autoinoculation, i.e. from one part of the skin to another. People with weakened immunity are more prone to the appearance of warts.
Types of warts:
There are several types of warts depending on the type of HPV that causes them, the location, as well as the appearance: * Common warts – they look like dome-shaped growths, flattened and with rough surface. They can appear on any part of the body, but most often thy are found on the back of hands, fingers and body parts that are more exposed to injuries such as knees and elbows. If warts autoinoculation occurs due to scratching, they can get a linear arrangement. * Palmar and plantar warts – they look like thick, hard growths on the palms or soles. On the soles they often look like blisters and can be painful during walking due to a pressure applied on the inner tissue of the soles. Closely grouped warts on the soles forming larger plates are referred to as mosaic warts. * Warts around nail plates – they are very common. They look like hard flattened lumps with rough surfaces. Their growth disrupts the growth of the nail, and they can also lead to the lifting and destruction of the nail plate. Treatment can be painful and can lead to nail growth disorders. * Flat warts – they are more common in children in the form of tiny, pink or skin coloured domed growths. They are usually located on the face, back of hands and arms. They often have a linear layout. They are easier to remove compared to the other types of warts. * Filiform wart – they look like short spiky growths. They are most often found on the eyelids, around the mouth, neck and other parts of the face.
When choosing a treatment, the type and the location of the wart should be taken into account, as well as the patient’s age.
Good results are achieved with:
* Radiofrequency * liquid nitrogen
* laser
* tretinoin 0.025% to 0.05% topical cream
* preparations with salicylic acid
* direct application of cytotoxic agent into the wart tissue
* imiquimod or 5-fluorouracil creams In our clinic, the best results were achieved when warts were removed using radiofrequen